Beginner investing
Build a foundation in funds, costs, diversification, bonds and company accounts.
Investing: build the foundation →
Goals, time horizons, diversification and costs before individual investments.
Index funds & ETFs: read what is inside →
The fund wrapper, the investment method and the exposure are different decisions.
Investment costs: follow the full bill →
Fund charges, platforms, spreads, dealing and currency conversion can stack together.
Diversification: count exposures, not tickers →
Look through overlapping funds, understand shared risks and decide how a portfolio gets back to its intended balance.
Bonds: income is only one part of the risk →
Separate the coupon, market yield, duration and credit quality before calling a bond defensive.
Company accounts: profit, cash and the notes →
Connect the income statement, balance sheet and cash-flow statement before drawing a conclusion.
Put the path into practice
Write a one-page plan covering your goal, time horizon, exposures, costs and the questions you still need to investigate.
A read mark records your progress. It does not assess competence or establish readiness to trade.
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